What About Colic?

It was time for nightly feeding and all seemed well. Allunderstand, there are some actions we can take to
the horses were eager for their food and dove intominimize the chances.
their hay as if it had been a week since the lastChanging feeds is one of the easiest ways to upset
feeding. After eating my own dinner I returned to turnyour horse's gut. The horse's gut is full of bacteria that
horses out when the dreaded signs of colic showed inhelp break down food. However, not all bacteria live on
my older gelding. While all others were busy looking forthe same food. So when you change food the
the final pieces of hay, he was lying down with hispresent bacteria will die and it takes time for bacteria
nose on the ground. Trying not to panic I begin theto grow that will digest the new food. It is especially
process of evaluation of his condition and much to mydangerous when you change to a higher protein diet. If
dismay all signs pointed to gas colic. I tried in vain toyou change 'cold turkey' the gas from the dying
contact the vet as I watched my horse writhe in painbacteria and the body's inability to digest the new food
every time his bowels moved. I went to the house andis the prime stage for gas colic, founder, and laminitis.
collected the shot of pain killers my vet had left meThe same is true from over eating of grains, high
too long ago for me to remember how and how muchprotein feed, or moldy feed.
to administer. Like a fool, I failed to write down theWhile feeds are easier to control, you may not know
directions and leave them with the shot. So there Iyour horse has ulcers until he becomes sick. If your
stood with help in my hand, horse on the ground, andhorse has constant bouts of diarrhea, mild colic, or
no one to tell me how to help him.seems anxious in strange situations you may want to
This is an all too common event, where we are lefthave your horse checked for ulcers. What may
unprepared for an emergency situation that could costappear to be ulcers may be your horse's inability to
a life. Now while it is true that an ounce of preventiondigest its current feeds. Some horses do not do well
is worth a pound of cure, sometimes we need a cureon alfalfa, soy, or high protein diets. If your horse has
even with the best prevention. This is the season forrepeated health issues, it would be best to have a vet
colic of which a lot of cases could be avoided withdiagnose the problem.
simple steps of prevention. Especially in the dry aridOther things to help keep your horse out of the
regions, water consumption is vital to the horse's wellhospital are maintaining a de-worming program, proper
being.teeth care, and if you live in a sandy area or your
I am no stranger to colic and every time it has hit, therehorse has access to sand, a program that removes
has been some preventative measures that had beensand from the horse's intestine. All three of these
overlooked. When young I was traveling acrossitems, if not maintained, increase the chances of
country and my horse had hay impaction on the road, Iimpaction in the horse. A horse with an obstruction
did not know the importance of monitoring watercaused by a build up of worms, improperly chewed
consumption on the road, even in winter. Later I learnedhay, or sand can easily become a fatal form of colic if
about the dangers of sand at my new home when athe horse should be allowed to roll causing the
horse of mine had to have surgery for a sandblockage to flip over and twist. A dehydrated horse
impaction. The next case was fatal when I lost acan suffer the same ends when a blockage of overly
horse to a twisted gut. I was unaware of the dangerdry matter causes a blockage.
and ease of dehydration in my new desert home. AndAnother thing to understand is the horse is designed to
when the pain killers the vet gave did not help her I dideat small amounts all day. Although many of us cannot
not listen to the small voice that told me to haul thesimulate that we can spread the horse's feedings out
horse straight to the equine hospital. And most recently,over the day with a minimum of two feedings. It is also
the story of my gelding that I shared earlier. I nowimportant to spread out grain feedings of over a
understand how difficult the heat can be for an olderpound to more than one feeding as well. The digestive
horse and how much more susceptible they get withsystem that is bombarded can not fully digest the feed
age. Each case could have been prevented with aas it will be too much too quick for it to process
better understanding of my horses' delicate digestivecorrectly.
system and the need to maintain the guts health andBefore disaster hits, have a plan. If you do not have a
proper hydration.trailer, have one lined up either a friend or professional
Now that I have said that, there are those cases ofyou can call in an emergency. Talk to your vet and find
colic that seem to come from nowhere. One morningwhat they recommend you keep on stock in an
while warming up my horse he started moving funnyemergency kit. Keep instructions, phone numbers, and
and then acting like he would lie down. Within fiveother important information with the kit. Be sure your
minutes he was in so much pain it was all he could dohorse loads as an emergency is not the time to train.
to stay on his feet. Thankfully, I had a friend riding withAnd know where you will be going if needed.
me who was able to administer a shot of pain killerSo, what do you do if your horse becomes 'colicy?'
and it was enough to allow my horse to stay on hisTake your horse's vitals. Know what is normal for your
feet. Having learned from previous cases, I thenhorse for a comparison as rapid breathing and rapid
hooked up my trailer and took him straight to thepulse will mean something different from a high
equine hospital. Once there he recovered completelytemperature and slow pulse and slow breathing. If the
and did not need any surgery.horse is lying quiet, let him be. If the horse is trying to roll
Let's focus on some preventative measures we cankeep him on his feet and if necessary walking. An
all take to help our horse's transition from fall to winteralready tired horse will not do well being forced to
and spring to summer. These tend to be the seasonswalk until it is exhausted. If the horse must be walked,
of colic as the temperatures fluctuate, but the horselet it take breaks in a cool area as long as it will be
may not change his drinking habits to compensate forquiet. A colicy horse may look back at its sides when
his water loss. The simple remedy is to be sure yourthere is pain or kick at the belly, so be careful.
horse has free choice of clean water and salt ofCheck the pulse, respiration, heart rate and
some kind. For horses that will not lick a salt lick andtemperature. Listen for gut sounds to appear every
those who eat salt like candy, you may need to put3-4 seconds at the flank both high and low, both sides.
electrolytes in their water or grain (followingPinging sounds indicate gas, no sound indicates an
manufacturers directions) or put a small amount ofobstruction. Check the mucus membrane at the gums.
loose salt in their feed (ask your vet for the correctAre they dry, sticky, normal? Are they white, pink, or
amount for your horse). DO NOT give your horsereddish brown? Check capillary refill by pressing the
common table salt that contains iodine. Be sure to startgums just above the tooth. How long does it take for
giving your horse salt before the season changes as itthe gums to go from white to pink again? Take note
can take up to a week for it to make changes in theirof all these items and call the vet. If the horse is in so
hydration.much pain you cannot check vitals, call the vet or if
Make a habit of checking your horse's hydrationpossible, load the horse and take them to a hospital.
before work outs. Pinch the skin where the neck andTime is of the essence when dealing with a twisted
shoulder come together. The skin should snap backgut as the longer it goes untreated the more gut that
into place when released. If it is tacky and is slow todies from lack of circulation and chances of survival
return to normal, your horse is dehydrated. This test isdecreases. And there is no way to see into the horse
especially helpful if there are unseasonably warm daysto diagnose it until it may be too late. If your vet can
in the winter in which the horse may not be drinkingget there soon enough he may be able to palpate and
enough water. If the horse is showing signs offeel it, but if there is one he will tell you to take it in as
dehydration, you may want to consider not workingthe only remedy is surgery.
the horse and placing electrolytes in his feed orThere are even more ways to insure a healthy happy
administering paste electrolytes. If the horse is alreadydigestive system for your horse. These are just
dehydrated and not accustom to the electrolytes in hisguidelines and you should contact your vet for more
water, it may discourage him from drinking andhelp on this subject. What you need to do is know
therefore making a bad situation worse.your horse, know your climate and how to care for
The danger is that just like people, the horse's intestineyour horses needs in that climate, and know your vet
needs moisture to function properly. The horse'sand vet hospitals. There is a lot more to keeping a
digestive system is designed to process live materialhorse than throwing some hay, filling a water bucket
that contains moisture and therefore the body doesand going for a ride. Please learn as much as you can
not use as much water to digest its food. We feedabout the health and needs of your partner and friend.
the horse mainly dry matter that requires moreA lot of frustration can be avoided with proper horse
moisture to digest. If the horse becomes dehydratedhusbandry.
the body takes moisture from the gut which slowsBack to my last incident, after what seems like hours I
digestion and in severe cases stops it as the dryfinally reached a vet that could help me make my
material can no longer pass. In essence the horsehorse comfortable. Although the vet was able to help
becomes constipated. So working an alreadyover the phone, I was still left to wait and see if I would
dehydrated horse is a fine recipe for disaster.need to trailer him to the hospital, an option I had
There is also gas colic that can be brought on bybecause I have a trailer. I also had the help of a friend
changing food too quickly, over eating, worms, eatingwho had special equipment to help my horse to
poisonous plants or feed, an upsetting situation for therecover quicker and without a trip to the hospital. It is
horse or ulcers. Again, if the horse is allowed to roll, themy hope that you may gain some knowledge from
chances for a twisted intestine are present as the painmy experiences and not have to make life changing
the horse incurs causes the digestive system to shutdecisions that could be avoided with proper care and
down and can cause an impaction as well. Althoughawareness.
this type of colic may be triggered by things we don't