That High Perch You're On Might Be A Percheron - The French Draft Horse

ercheron is a very ancient breed of French draftincluding many Amish; along with fans abroad and in
horse that many people are familiar with, thoughFrance; all of whom were dedicated to the
perhaps not by name. These gigantic horses can't helppreservation of the breed and managed to keep it
but be noticed, and are often used for novelty carriagealive through the next twenty years of the draft horse
rides, and there's usually a few in harness at state anddepression.
county fairs. They have also appeared inThe 1960's saw a resurgence in the draft horse
advertisements and company logos in the Unitedbusiness as Americans rediscovered its usefulness.
States many times.Percherons are now back on small farms and are also
The breed derives its name from the Perche Valley ofworking in forests as logging animals that can take out
the Le Perche province in northwest France, 50 milesa few trees without ruining the rest in the smaller
southwest of Paris; a region long famed for its horses.woodlots. They can work on terrain where even the
From the earliest known times the people of Lemost modern tractors and four-wheel-drive vehicles
Perche have been producers of horses, but not oftenfail and can work in mud and snow better than
buyers of them, so in terms of breeding stock, theyman-made machines.
are an isolated equine population.Today, Percherons are used primarily as show horses,
However, the mysterious origins of the Percheronand they are sometimes seen pulling carriages for big
have been lost over time because the breedcity tourism and used for recreational driving such as
pre-dates documented pedigrees and organizedhayrides, sleigh rides and parades, often in teams of
breeding in Europe by several centuries. Some believedappled gray or black. They are still widely used for
the Percheron descends from the original horses thatfarm work in France and some parts of rural Europe.
were found in France during the Ice Age. Others sayOld paintings and crude drawings from the Middle
that the breed is closely related to the FrenchAges traditionally show that the Percheron has been a
Boulonnais draft horses that were used in the Romanbreed of mostly gray horses. The French knight is
invasion of Brittany. Another theory is that the breed isalmost always shown on a grey or white horse of
from Abd el Rahman's Arab stallions or from some ofconsiderable substance for that time. Nowadays,
the horses that were used by the invading MoorsPercherons are generally black or gray, but there are
during the battle of Poitiers that were eventuallyalso chestnut, sorrel, bay, roan, and other colors
divided among the victorious French forces. What ispossible. Some registries only accept those black and
known is that twice in the history of the breed, nativegray, though chestnut, and bay are acceptable for
mares of the Le Perche region were mated with Arabregistration in the US if accompanied by a DNA test
stallions first during the 8th century and later during theconfirming parentage. Some horses have white
Middle Ages, when historical records show thatmarkings on the head and feet, but excessive white is
Percherons were used as military horses. By the timeundesirable.
of the crusades, the Percheron was widely recognizedLike other draft horses, the Percheron has a very
as outstanding for size and soundness, as well as forcompact, muscular build which is designed to generate
beauty and style.a lot of power. These horses have very heavily
By the 17th century, these horses produced in Lemuscled hindquarters and short backs which is the
Perche had a widespread reputation that put them inbest combination for power. They also have long, thick
demand for a number of heavy duty uses. After thenecks, and blocky heads with wide-set full prominent
invention of gunpowder, heavy warhorses were noeyes. The strong jaw and refined ears suggests
longer needed. The Percheron then became theArabian ancestry. Their tails tend to be clipped for
choice for pulling heavy French stagecoaches calledfarm work, but when allowed to grow, they are long,
diligences and became known as diligence horses.wavy, and surprisingly silky. Stallions should have
With the invention of the railroad, Percherons switchedruggedness about the head and mares should have a
from stagecoach driving to farm duty and other heavyfeminine look.
labor.Lately, modern show Percherons have been bred for
In the early 19th century, the government in Francea longer, thinner neck, a longer back, and longer,
established a stud at Le Pin for developing mounts forsmoother-looking muscles. However, these types of
the French army. In 1823, a horse named Jean LePercherons are used mainly as show horses and not
Blanc was foaled in Le Perche and all of today'sfor the really heavy work of their predecessors. They
modern Percheron bloodlines trace directly to thisare shown in competition hitching and halter classes at
stallion.many state and county fairs across the United States.
Percherons were first imported to the United States inPercherons can be ridden and some have even been
1839 with thousands more imported during the last halftrained into fine jumpers.
of the 19th century. The Percheron is especially wellPercherons range in height from 15 to 19 hands high,
suited to the U.S. because it can handle a wide varietymost are between 16-2 and 17-3 hands high. Weight
of weather conditions and it quickly became the mostranges from an average of 1,900 pounds up to 2,600
popular horse of both the American farmer and thepounds. One of the tallest horses recorded was a
teamster who moved freight and cargo on the nation'sPercheron named Dr Le Gear, born in 1902, that was
streets. The Percheron was such a popular horse that21.1 hands high (7 feet) and weighed just over 3,000
by 1930, the census showed that there were threepounds. In spite of their size, their life-span is over 25
times as many registered Percherons as the otheryears.
draft breeds, Shire, Belgian, and Clydesdale, combined.Just as with other draft horse breeds, the Percheron
When horses were replaced by cars, this led to ahas a very pleasing disposition; gentle, amiable, friendly
decline in demand for draft horses and then followingand curious around young children. The breed is proud,
World War II, this ancient horse was almost lost whenalert, intelligent, easily trained and willing to work. They
the invention of the modern farm tractor nearly madewill stand patiently without being tethered and can
the breed extinct. The low point came in 1954 whentolerate boring conditions and inexperienced handlers
just 85 head were recorded. Fortunately thewell.
Percheron was rescued by a handful of farmers,