Recent Advances in Diagnosis and Nursing Techniques

A physical examination can often be ample toCutting the Deep Digital Flexor Tendon
diagnosis this condition. The severity of the condition- This form of treatment is reserved for severe
will determine the symptoms shown. Affectedtendon contraction.
neonates have varying degrees of straightening.- The DDFT is cut to allow for relaxation and flexure
Milder cases of contracture at the Distalof the fetlock joint.
Interphalangeal joint show a 'dished' appearance to- The tension is relieved but the foal is unable to be
their dorsal hoof surface, which can become moreridden or used for any athletic purpose after surgery.
acute depending on external factors that may affectDesmotomy
the condition. Cases that have failed to be corrected in- This procedure is the cutting of a ligament.
the early stages can become so severe that the heel- In cases of DDFT contracture, the check ligament is
of the hoof fails to touch the ground. This can in timecut.
cause the neonate to walk on its toe. This will cause a- This relieves tension from the DDFT.
number of additional problems, bruising to the joints due- The length of the tendon is increased, improving
to cushioning being reduced and the pressure on themfunctional capacity.
being greatly increased, lameness and infection. In- For severe cases this treatment and the use of
highly acute cases bone reabsorption at the toe cansupportive bandaging offers the neonate a good
occur.chance of recovering.
Contraction at the fetlock joint will produce an 'upright'The administration of anti inflammatory drugs increases
conformation of the limb. This deformity can be relatedthe tendons chance of recovery, e.g. Sodium
to rapid bone growth restricting the growth of theHyalurate. This drug is often used as it provides
superficial flexor tendon due to the attachment of thenutritive value as well as reducing inflammation.
check ligament. The check ligament acts as a brakeSplints and casts can be applied to give the unstable
when attached to the DDFT.limbs extra support. The aim for use is to differ some
In mild cases of flexor tendon contraction no specificof the pressure and strain placed on the tendons to
treatment to the limb is necessary. The foals exercisethe splint, reducing healing time.
should be cut down, to reduce the chance ofCorrective Shoeing
unnecessary stress being put on the limb. MovementThe main objectives are to protect the toe and
of the limb is essential to create tension in thelengthen the tendon unit. Specific cases will determine
surrounding ligaments and tendons. The movementthe best course of action, ranging from gradual
helps to prevent the limb from becoming stiff andtrimming of the hoof increasing lateral growth of the
allows the surrounding tendon development to catchheel, to reconstruction of the hoof using corrective
up with the contracture. Hand walking or turn out in ashoes and acrylic applications. Acrylics provide a
pen no bigger than 24msquared is advised.protective barrier, reducing pain. Together with the use
In severe cases, a more invasive course of actionof very gradual exercise this treatment will slowly
may be necessary to improve the foals' chances ofstretch the flexor muscle and tendons.
regaining full use of the limb.